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3 Using the bibliography

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The bibliography of textbooks is located in the "Tabular display" tab, where a table with basic data is displayed: Title of first edition, Author, Year, Place (of first edition) and Subject. By clicking on the link in the title, we open the full description of each textbook with links to digitized material (if available).

At the top left, you can change the displayed data on the "Column visibility" button. By clicking on the title of each column, textbooks can also be sorted by alphabet, year, etc.

By moving through the pages, users can browse between textbooks or in the search engine at the top right, they can browse all data, and at the bottom of the table, search for basic data. At the top of the page, you can also filter textbooks by year of publication and display textbooks published in the selected period.

The table can be exported in .csv, .xlsx and .pdf formats. If the data is already filtered with the search engine, it will only export the displayed textbooks, otherwise the entire table will be exported.

3.1 Using the list of approved textbooks for the period between 1869 and 1918

In creating the database, we made extensive use of the Orders of the Ministry of Education ("Verordnungsblatt des Ministeriums für Cultus und Unterricht"). Since 1869, all approved textbooks and teaching aids have been listed in the latter.16 In addition, from 1878 until the dissolution of the Austria-Hungary (except in 1916 and 1918), overview lists of valid approved textbooks for elementary schools and vocational secondary schools (Bürgerschulen) were also published in the Orders of the Ministry. Simultaneously with the annual lists of textbooks for elementary schools and secondary vocational schools, separate lists of teaching aids also began to be compiled. From 1884 onwards, overview lists of approved textbooks for high schools and Realschulen were published approximately every four years.

As part of the work with the Orders of the Ministry of Education, a relatively extensive corpus of lists of approved textbooks and teaching aids was created, which we decided to include separately in the final version of the publication due to its potential usefulness for researchers of the question under consideration. When transcribing the titles, we have always faithfully followed the record in the Orders of the Ministry of Education. The latter may differ slightly from the actual titles (as a rule, these are minor typographical errors or shortening of longer titles), but these differences do not, as a rule, make it difficult to identify individual textbooks. In the following lines, we will try to briefly outline the structure and potential usefulness of the present corpus of lists.

The present corpus of lists of approved textbooks and teaching aids for the period between 1869 and 1918 is compiled according to the following key:

  1. Included in the lists are textbooks and teaching aids for elementary schools and secondary vocational schools, Gymnasia, Realschulen, and girls' lyceums. Only material in the Slovene language is included, or material that was specifically intended for classes in elementary schools with the Slovene language of instruction. A problem arises especially with teaching aids because it would probably not be too bold to assume that many teaching aids, which were not written in Slovene or were not specifically intended for classes in schools with the Slovene language of instruction, were used for classes in schools with the Slovene language of instruction. The limitation to Slovene language, for example, also led to the fact that we did not include atlases and maps of individual provinces in the present list if they were not published in Slovene, but in some other language (as a rule, maps were published in German and Italian languages).
  2. For the period between 1869 and 1877, the present list is based on the lists "Alphabetisches Verzeichnis über Lehrbücher und Lehrmittel" and "Verfügungen, betreffend Lehrbücher und Lehrmittel". These lists tell us which textbooks were approved in a particular year, they contain information about the author, title, location, publisher, year of publication, the environment in which the textbook is intended to be used (as a rule, these are individual types of educational institutions, less often for provincial framework), the type of textbook material and the level for which the textbook was intended, but they do not provide a comprehensive list of valid textbooks for an individual year. As already mentioned, when collecting and digitizing secondary school textbook material, we limited ourselves to the first four years (see point 1 regarding exceptions). All lists of this type are identified in the present corpus of lists by the key "[Year]_Vf._Lehrbücher_mittel". We kept this type of lists for a later period as well, but due to the ever-increasing amount of approved material, we stopped compiling them starting from 1900. Since 1878 and 1884, all textbooks have also been listed in overview lists of approved textbooks. We have again prepared such lists for the period from 1915 onwards. Namely, after 1915, overview lists of approved textbooks for Gymnasia and Realschulen were no longer compiled, and after 1917, the same thing happened with overview lists of textbooks for elementary schools and vocational secondary schools. The information in the present lists is somewhat more comprehensive than those which can be obtained from the overview lists, but the search for information in the sections "Alphabetisches Verzeichnis über Lehrbücher und Lehrmittel" and "Verfügungen, betreffend Lehrbücher und Lehrmittel" with the help of the corresponding indexes and data, provided by overview lists of textbook material, is relatively straightforward.
  3. As stated, for the period from 1878 onwards (with the exception of 1916 and 1918), overview lists of textbooks for elementary schools and vocational secondary schools or higher primary schools, are available for each year, which allow a good overview of the changes in the structure of the textbook material and could be an interesting subject of study. All the mentioned lists are marked by the key "[Year]_Lehrbücherverzeichnis_V_B". The same applies to overview lists of textbooks for Gymnasia and Realschulen. These were compiled at longer intervals and are available for the years 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900, 1904, 1909, and 1915. The lists also include material for upper secondary school program, as we considered it reasonable due to transparency and the possibility of further analysis of the lists. The material can in principle be separated from each other without too much difficulty. All the mentioned lists are marked by the key "[Year]_Lehrbücherverzeichnis_G_R".
  4. Simultaneously with the annual review lists of approved textbooks for elementary schools and vocational secondary schools, separate lists of teaching aids also began to be maintained. Despite the fact that these are also available for the entire period between 1878 and 1918 (except for 1916 and 1918), we did not compile them for each year separately, but in intervals for 1878; 1880; 1890; 1900; 1910; 1917. All the mentioned lists are marked by the key "[Year]_Lehrmittelverzeichnis".

An excel file for exporting the list of approved textbooks will be available here:
List of approved textbooks (.xslx)

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Notes

16. Žigon, Tanja, Almasy, Karin in Lovšin, Andrej: Vloga in pomen prevajanja učbenikov v 19. stoletju: kulturnozgodovinski in jezikovni vidiki. Ljubljana: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani, 2017, 46.

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